NASA delays Artemis II human moon mission once again as it wraps up heat shield investigation

Brendan Byrne | December 5, 2024

The launch of NASA’s first human mission to the moon carrying three U.S. astronauts and one Canadian astronaut has been delayed once again, after a lengthy investigation into the heat shield used on the mission’s crew capsule.

The Artemis II mission, which was targeting liftoff for late 2025, will now launch no earlier than April, 2026. The mission will send NASA’s Reid Wiseman, Victor Glover and Christina Koch, along with Canadian Space Agency astronaut Jeremy Hansen, on a trip around the moon and back, testing key systems of the Orion space capsule like its life support hardware.

The following mission, Artemis III, will bring astronauts to the lunar surface in mid-2027 using SpaceX’s Starship, a commercially built and launched spacecraft currently in development.

The news of the delay comes after a lengthy investigation into issues related to the Orion spacecraft’s heat shield that were uncovered during an uncrewed test mission in late 2022. After the capsule returned to Earth, engineers uncovered charred bits of the heat shield–tasked with protecting the crew from temperatures of nearly 5,000 degree Fahrenheit during re-entry–had broken off unexpectedly.

“Space is demanding,” said NASA administrator Bill Nelson at a press conference on Thursday announcing the delay. The additional months give teams the needed “time to make sure that the Orion capsule is ready to safely deliver our astronauts to deep space and back to Earth.”

NASA uncovered the root cause of the issue, which was in part due to the amount of time the spacecraft spent in the atmosphere during re-entry. The agency determined that the heat shield would be safe for Artemis II and its human crew, with changes to the trajectory of the spacecraft’s return that would limit the amount of time it spent enduring the heat of re-entry.

“Sometimes in space, delays are agonizing. Slowing down is agonizing, and it’s not what we like to do,” said Artemis II commander Wiseman, but the investigation was important for the future of NASA’s moon missions.

“We really appreciate the willingness to take the risk to actually slow down and understand the root cause, determine the path forward [and] corrective action for Artemis II and Artemis III.”