Thousands honor Selma Jubilee, voting rights ahead of March 5 election

Maya Miller, Gulf States Newsroom | March 5, 2024

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Thousands of people prepare to walk across the Edmund Pettus Bridge in Selma, Alabama, ahead of the Selma Jubilee March for Voting Rights on March 3, 2024.

Maya Miller, Gulf States Newsroom

The march over the Edmund Pettus Bridge in Selma, Alabama, is a steep one — it’s a tough walk across the Alabama River, enough that for a moment, you can hardly see over to the other side.

That did little to dissuade thousands from walking across it on Sunday when they gathered for the Selma Jubilee Bloody Sunday marches. Demonstrators from all corners of America — Detroit, Atlanta, New York, Seattle and more — attended the event to commemorate the 59th anniversary of Bloody Sunday, when peaceful protestors marching from Selma to Montgomery on March 7, 1965, were met with violent use of force from law enforcement on the Edmund Pettus Bridge

Selma native Alice Moore was a “Foot Soldier” — the name given to people who marched during the protest — that day, walking alongside her sister, Denise Jarnigan-Holt. Moore recalled the burning of the tear gas and being terrified in jail. Their parents didn’t know where they were.

Sisters Denise Jarnigan-Holt (left) and Alice Moore (right) pose for a photo before the Selma Jubilee March for Voting Rights in Selma, Alabama, on March 3, 2024. Both women were original “Foot Soldiers” for the Bloody Sunday march in 1965. They still remember the police brutality they suffered when they were teenagers. *(Maya Miller/Gulf States Newsroom)*

Moore said she finds the incident difficult to talk about to this day, especially with people who don’t understand the contribution that she and her sister made to the movement.

“You walk into a place and other people would say we are not Foot Soldier[s], because we don’t have anything attached to us that says we walked but our heart,” Moore said.

The public’s outrage at the Bloody Sunday incident bolstered the fight for equal rights and ultimately led to the signing of the Voting Rights Act of 1965. The importance of the protestors’ actions remains felt today ahead of the March 5 Primary Election, where voters in the state’s newly-redrawn District 2 will head to the polls for the first time after last year’s Supreme Court ruling.

The Edmund Pettus Bridge in Selma, Alabama, on March 3, 2024. The bridge was named after Pettus — a Confederate general, former senator and member of the Ku Klux Klan. It was the site of the Bloody Sunday March in 1965, where voting rights activists were met with violent use of force by law enforcement officers when they crested the hill during a peaceful march. (Maya Miller/Gulf States Newsroom)

Previously, the state only had one majority-Black district. Now, there are two after SCOTUS ruled that Alabama’s congressional maps violated the Voting Rights Act. Both districts cover a large portion of Alabama’s Black Belt, and Black voters make up nearly a majority of the new District 2.

Holt and Moore were too young to vote back then, so they marched for their parents’ rights — and now for the rights of voters younger than them. While the new district leaves room for Alabamians to elect a Black representative, it’s not a guarantee. If Black turnout is low, the district could go with a candidate other than the one Black voters want.

“Our parents didn’t have that opportunity to vote until we went through the struggle we went through,” Holt said. “We did that so everybody after them could have that same opportunity to vote.”

How we got the new District 2

A map of Alabama's congressional voting districts that includes the newly-redrawn District 2 to create a majority-Black voting district in the state. — A map of Alabama’s congressional voting districts that includes the newly-redrawn District 2 to create a majority-Black voting district in the state.

The creation of the redrawn District 2 dates back to 1993, when the courts ordered Alabama to reconfigure its 7th Congressional District as a majority-Black district. Black Democrats have held this district since, and the map created is still in use today.

In 2021, state Republicans attempted to draw a new map for redistricting and were quickly sued and accused of their map not being equal for Black voters.

In January 2022, a three-judge panel ruled the state’s congressional district map unlawfully deprived Black voters of an additional House District and likely violated the Voting Rights Act. The next month, in a 5-4 decision, the Supreme Court let Alabama use its old Republican-backed map that the three-judge panel rejected, but Alabama was ordered to redraw the map after that year’s election cycle.

In June 2023, the Supreme Court ordered Alabama to redraw the state’s congressional map, in a 5-4 decision, agreeing with a panel of federal judges that Alabama needed a second congressional district where Black voters had a chance to elect their preferred candidate.

A special session to redraw the map began in July, but state leaders were unable to create a map with the court’s approval, resulting in a special master being appointed to draw new maps for them to choose from.

The current congressional map was chosen on October 5, creating District 2. The District is now 48.7% Black.

This story was produced by the Gulf States Newsroom, a collaboration between Mississippi Public Broadcasting, WBHM in Alabama, WWNO and WRKF in Louisiana and NPR.