President Trump takes aim at college sports with a new executive order
WASHINGTON — President Trump has taken aim at college sports with a new executive order signed Thursday that seeks to empower federal agencies, including the U.S. Department of Education, which disburses funds to public universities, to help enforce new provisions on athletic scholarships and “pay-for-play” licensing deals for athletes.
The order directs the nation’s largest athletic departments to maintain certain numbers of scholarships for women’s and Olympic sports. And it seeks to rein in the lucrative name, image and likeness deals — known as NIL — that have dramatically transformed athlete compensation in recent years.
“The future of college sports is under unprecedented threat,” the order says. “A national solution is urgently needed to prevent this situation from deteriorating beyond repair and to protect non-revenue sports, including many women’s sports, that comprise the backbone of intercollegiate athletics, drive American superiority at the Olympics and other international competitions, and catalyze hundreds of thousands of student-athletes to fuel American success in myriad ways.”
Whether the order’s provisions will pass legal muster is an open question, legal experts told NPR. Still, it represents the president’s increasing interest in sports issues and especially college athletics.
“This may not be a binding legal framework — but it’s absolutely a signal: that the federal government, and now presidential politics, are increasingly willing to intervene in the future of college sports,” said Noah Henderson, a professor of sports management at Loyola University Chicago.
Trump’s order comes the month after the approval of the House settlement, a class action legal agreement that has opened the door for Division I college athletic departments to pay players directly, upending the long-standing NCAA tradition of amateurism.

That settlement, which allows schools to compensate athletes up to an initial cap of $20.5 million, has raised anxieties about the future of non-revenue sports, including most women’s and Olympic sports, as schools divert resources to compensate athletes in order to stay competitive in the revenue-generating sports of football and basketball.
“Absent guardrails to stop the madness and ensure a reasonable, balanced use of resources across collegiate athletic programs that preserves their educational and developmental benefits, many college sports will soon cease to exist,” the order reads.
Among the “guardrails” the order seeks to impose are requirements that the highest-earning college athletic departments provide more scholarship opportunities in non-revenue sports than they did in the 2024-2025 school year.
That provision would apply to around 30 of the nation’s largest athletic departments, according to data from 2024.
In a hint of how its provisions might be enforced, the order directs the Department of Education — which the Trump administration is in the process of dismantling — to use the disbursement of federal funds, Title IX enforcement, and interstate commerce laws to influence schools. Most of the nation’s largest athletic departments belong to public universities, such as the Ohio State University and the University of Texas.
Those are “pretty extreme actions,” said Sam Ehrlich, a professor at Boise State University who tracks collegiate sports litigation. “Is this just a threat or something that is actually going to lead to something? Will the executive branch actually insert themselves into these situations to enforce this? And what will be the unintended consequences if it does get followed up on?” he added.
Pay-for-play deals for players’ NIL rights are also a target of the Trump administration’s order. The NCAA has allowed such deals since a 2021 Supreme Court decision, which have come to dominate the financial landscape of Division I college sports.
Athletes, especially football and basketball players, now earn thousands or even millions of dollars per year in NIL deals, some of which are connected to a marketing campaign but others are effectively compensation for playing.
NIL deals that are pay-for-play are “improper and should not be permitted by universities,” the Trump order says, specifically carving out deals that carry a “fair market value” for a brand endorsement or other legitimate purpose.
College athletic officials have lobbied Washington for years to help rein in the wave of litigation that has reshaped college sports over issues of compensation and eligibility.
The executive order aligns with many of the priorities stated in recent years by the NCAA, the governing body of college athletics, whose long-standing policies around eligibility and compensation have been deeply eroded over the past decade by litigation.
“The Association appreciates the Trump Administration’s focus on the life-changing opportunities college sports provides to millions of young people and we look forward to working with student-athletes, a bipartisan coalition in Congress and the Trump Administration to enhance college sports for years to come,” NCAA president Charlie Baker said in a statement.
The NCAA has long lobbied for federal legislation to help protect it from litigation and will continue to do so, he added.
But Trump’s signing of Thursday’s order could be a risk to “deepen partisan divides in college sports rather than create the consensus needed for long-term reform,” said Henderson — especially in the Senate, where the Republican majority falls seven votes shy of the 60 votes required to defeat a filibuster on new legislation.
The five “power conferences” in college sports were quick to applaud the executive order. In a joint statement from the Southeastern, Atlantic Coast, Big Ten, Big 12 and Pac-12 Conferences, they said: “We hope Congress sends federal legislation to President Trump’s desk as soon as possible.”
The order also directs numerous federal agencies to wade into the fray. The National Labor Relations Board is asked to issue rules and guidance “with respect to clarifying the status of collegiate athletes” to ensure they continue to not be legally considered employees for the purposes of labor law. Officials at the Justice Department and Federal Trade Commission are directed to prepare for involvement in future litigation over college sports.
Colombia’s lone Amazon port faces drying river and rising tensions with Peru
Colombia's only Amazon port town could soon be cut off from the river that keeps it alive. As drought and a shifting river spark a tense border dispute with Peru, locals are scrambling to adapt—and politicians are raising flags, literally.
Sunday Puzzle: Common denominator
NPR's Ayesha Rascoe plays the puzzle with Weekend Edition puzzlemaster Will Shortz along with listener Cynthia Rose of Littleton, Colorado.
South Korea says it has reached a deal with the US for the release of workers in a Georgia plant
More than 300 South Korean workers were detained in an immigration raid on Thursday. Presidential chief of staff Kang Hoon-sik said South Korea plans to send a charter plane to bring the workers home.
Hitch a ride to the moon in a rusty old car and ‘The Couch in the Yard’
As the sun sets in a small town, a family loads up their rusty old car with the spare couch in their yard. When it breaks down in the mountains, what else is there to do but fly it to the moon?
The silent killer increases your risk of stroke and dementia. Here’s how to control it
New recommendations for early treatment for hypertension to prevent strokes, heart attacks and dementia come as an experimental medication is shown to lower blood pressure in hard to treat patients.
Are you a grandparent-to-be? Here’s some advice from those who came before you
Sept. 7 is National Grandparents Day. NPR readers shared the joys of becoming grandparents and offered some sage advice.